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NIO Memory-Mapped Files

code_money_guji posted @ 2011年2月27日 00:09 in javaNIO & Mina , 1550 阅读

参考资料:

     http://www.linuxtopia.org/online_books/programming_books/thinking_in_java/TIJ314_029.htm Thinking in java

    //一个比较好的测试Sample

     Reille_java_NIO

http://www.javadocexamples.com/java/nio/channels/java.nio.channels.FileChannel.MapMode.html  map参数中的 READ_ONLY|READ_WRITE|PRIVATE示例

//JDK 文档的使用示例,有很多的例子.十分有用.

Memory-Mapped Files:

Memory-Mapped Files 允许将文件直接映射到内存中读取. 在map()方法中, 其中的一个参数是:MapMode,有如下说明:

MapMode.READ_ONLY: 但尝试从这种模式写入内容的时候会触发:ReadOnlyBufferException

MapMode.READ_WRITE : 映射读|写,能够把同一个文件的更改结果传播.

MapMode.PRIVATE :  使用Copy-on-write的方式,私有修改.

NOTE:

MapMode.READ_ONLY: 使用这种模式的时候,在同一个文件中的不同buffer之间的更改能够更改文件, 所以其他buffer能够"觉察"到改变.

MapMode.PRIVATE:这种模式下, 由于使用了Copy的方式, 改变的内容不会传播到文件中, 每个buffer中的内容是独立的, 假设有buffer1 和buffer2.那么在buffer1中的改变时不会在buffer2中观察到.  根本原因是这种方式下buffer1中的改变不会回显到文件中.

下面是Thinking in java 中的性能测试代码,除了其能进行结果证明外,其用的测试方法也编写代码的一个规范，感谢作者:

    //: c12:MappedIO.java
    // {Clean: temp.tmp}
    import java.io.*;
    import java.nio.*;
    import java.nio.channels.*;

    public class MappedIO {
      private static int numOfInts = 4000000;
      private static int numOfUbuffInts = 200000;
      private abstract static class Tester {
        private String name;
        public Tester(String name) { this.name = name; }
        public long runTest() {
          System.out.print(name + ": ");
          try {
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            test();
            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            return (endTime - startTime);
          } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
          }
        }
        public abstract void test() throws IOException;
      }
 //上述的代使用的模板方法很不仅仅是在测试中,在框架使用中处处可见.
      private static Tester[] tests = { 
        new Tester("Stream Write") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(
              new BufferedOutputStream(
                new FileOutputStream(new File("temp.tmp"))));
            for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++)
              dos.writeInt(i);
            dos.close();
          }
        }, 
        new Tester("Mapped Write") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            FileChannel fc = 
              new RandomAccessFile("temp.tmp", "rw")
              .getChannel();
            IntBuffer ib = fc.map(
              FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, fc.size())
              .asIntBuffer();
            for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++)
              ib.put(i);
            fc.close();
          }
        }, 
        new Tester("Stream Read") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(
              new BufferedInputStream(
                new FileInputStream("temp.tmp")));
            for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++)
              dis.readInt();
            dis.close();
          }
        }, 
        new Tester("Mapped Read") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            FileChannel fc = new FileInputStream(
              new File("temp.tmp")).getChannel();
            IntBuffer ib = fc.map(
              FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, fc.size())
              .asIntBuffer();
            while(ib.hasRemaining())
              ib.get();
            fc.close();
          }
        }, 
        new Tester("Stream Read/Write") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(
              new File("temp.tmp"), "rw");
            raf.writeInt(1);
            for(int i = 0; i < numOfUbuffInts; i++) {
              raf.seek(raf.length() - 4);
              raf.writeInt(raf.readInt());
            }
            raf.close();
          }
        }, 
        new Tester("Mapped Read/Write") {
          public void test() throws IOException {
            FileChannel fc = new RandomAccessFile(
              new File("temp.tmp"), "rw").getChannel();
            IntBuffer ib = fc.map(
              FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, fc.size())
              .asIntBuffer();
            ib.put(0);
            for(int i = 1; i < numOfUbuffInts; i++)
              ib.put(ib.get(i - 1));
            fc.close();
          }
        }
      };
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        for(int i = 0; i < tests.length; i++)
          System.out.println(tests[i].runTest());
      }
    } ///:~

运行结果[趋势相同,不同配置时间花费会不一样]:
Stream Write: 1719
Mapped Write: 359
Stream Read: 750
Mapped Read: 125
Stream Read/Write: 5188
Mapped Read/Write: 16

 如果是文件太大,不妨考取在使用map()方法的时候,限定length的范围.

 注意点,在 REILLE_JAVA_NIO 一书中,有如下的话:

Accessing a file through the memory-mapping mechanism can be far more efficient than reading or writing data by conventional means, even when using channels. No explicit system calls need to be made, which can be time-consuming. More importantly, the virtual memory system of the operating system automatically caches memory pages. These pages will be cached using system memory and will not consume space from the JVM's memory heap.

从上面的话看出,使用这种方式是映射到OS的虚拟内存中,并不是jvm heap中.

 

结束语:

至于并行操作MappedByteBuffer性能如何,笔者未曾测试,有机会发现应用场景的话会及时更新文章. 也希望大家能够多提出这方面的需求与应用. thanks.

to be continue..

 

 

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토토검증사이트 说:
2024年1月24日 19:58

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바카라 说:
2024年1月26日 14:58

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하노이 가라오케 说:
2024年1月26日 15:01

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안전놀이터 说:
2024年1月29日 14:12

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베트남 밤문화 说:
2024年1月29日 14:20

베트남 남성전용 커뮤니티❣️ 베트남 하이에나 에서 베트남 밤문화를 추천하여 드립니다. 베트남 가라오케, 베트남 VIP마사지, 베트남 이발관, 베트남 황제투어 남자라면 꼭 한번은 경험 해 봐야할 화끈한 밤문화로 모시겠습니다.

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블록체인개발 说:
2024年4月24日 14:31

블록체인개발 코인지갑개발 IT컨설팅 메스브레인팀이 항상 당신을 도울 준비가 되어 있습니다. 우리는 마음으로 가치를 창조한다는 철학을 바탕으로 일하며, 들인 노력과 시간에 부흥하는 가치만을 받습니다. 고객이 만족하지 않으면 기꺼이 환불해 드립니다.
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